Outline

Introduction

Nanomedicine, the medicine of tomorrow

Fullerenes

History and structure

Functionalization of fullerenes by dry and wet approaches

Fullerene polymers

Biological activity and potential application of fullerene-polymer conjugates in nanomedicine

Photothermal therapy by using fullerenes

Fullerenes as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy

Fullerenes in diagnosis

Carbon nanotubes

History, structure, and properties

Functionalization of carbon nanotubes; covalent and noncovalent approaches

Grafting from

Grafting to

Functionalization of carbon nanotubes by polymers

Carbon nanotube-polymer conjugates in nanomedicine

Carbon nanotube base drug delivery systems

Toxicity of carbon nanotubes

Factors that dominate toxicity of carbon nanotubes and strategies to overcome this problem

Graphene and graphene oxide

Interactions between graphene sheets and living cells

History, structure

Graphene oxide and graphene-polymer conjugates promising systems for biomedical applications

Graphene based anticancer drug delivery systems

Photothermal therapy

Antiviruses and antibacterial properties of graphene sheets