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Peroxidase-Inspired Polyphthalocyanine Networks with Highly Efficient Sonocatalytic Activities for On-Demand Tumor Immunotherapies in Breast Cancers

X. Wang, M. Yuan, Z. Ding, Q. Li, Z. Zhao, Y. Tang, T. Jiang, M. Adeli, X. Wang, P. Gu, C. Cheng, L. Li – 2025

The rational design of sonocatalytic materials capable of on-demand modulating host innate and adaptive immune responses represents a critical advancement in tumor immunotherapy. Herein, inspired by the heme structures in peroxidase, we propose the de novo design of a ferrous polyphthalocyanine network (p-PcFe) with highly efficient sonocatalytic activities for on-demand tumor immunotherapies in breast cancers. The p-PcFe exhibits remarkable structural properties, including its large π-conjugated networks, electron-rich catalytic centers, and d-π delocalization effects, which enable excellent peroxidase-like activity and ultrasound conversion efficiency within the tumor microenvironment to catalytically generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our systematic studies demonstrate that p-PcFe can controllably generate abundant ROS to destroy primary tumor cells and facilitate the release of tumor-associated antigens, thereby inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) and promoting the maturation and migration of antigen-presenting cells. Consequently, the ICD effect drives macrophage polarization, enhances infiltration of tumor-specific effector T cells, and stimulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, culminating in robust antitumor immunity, which then establishes durable immune memory and effectively prevents tumor recurrence and lung metastasis. This study demonstrates that p-PcFe not only elicits a potent antitumor immune response but also fosters long-term immune memory for cancer immunotherapy, which offers a promising and on-demand strategy to engineer ROS-producing materials to overcome the immunosuppression and boost immunogenicity for converting “immune-cold” into “immune-hot” tumors.

Title
Peroxidase-Inspired Polyphthalocyanine Networks with Highly Efficient Sonocatalytic Activities for On-Demand Tumor Immunotherapies in Breast Cancers
Author
X. Wang, M. Yuan, Z. Ding, Q. Li, Z. Zhao, Y. Tang, T. Jiang, M. Adeli, X. Wang, P. Gu, C. Cheng, L. Li
Date
2025
Citation
ACS Nano, 2025,19, 25052
Type
Text